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Research

BBC Diversity Commissioning Code of Practice:

What is the BBC Diversity Commissioning Code of Practice for?

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The BBC Diversity Commissioning Code of Practice, 'sets out the steps the BBC will take when commissioning content across all genres to ensure that it accurately represents, and authentically portrays the diverse communities of the whole of the UK.' This means that it decribes and explains the processes that the BBC will take to ensure their content and the making of their content is inclusive to all people, and should be enjoyed by a diverse audience and produced by a diverse workforce. 

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• http://downloads.bbc.co.uk/diversity/pdf/diversity-code-of-practice-2018.pdf

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• Explain the 5 principles, using selected quotes.

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• How is it useful in developing your own media products?

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• Principle 1: BBC Commissioners Will Lead By Example: The BBC are 'a publicly funded broadcaster with a unique role in the UK creative ecology.' This principle coneys how they intend to use their 'position in the industry to lead change and ensure that anyone who makes programmes for [them] contributes to increasing representation, authentic portrayal and diversity.' This means that the BBC want to use their position of power in the media hierarchy to do good, and to be inclusive to all people, increasing diversity.

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This code of practice is very useful in me developing my own idea, as it reminds me of the importance of diversity, and how it is important to include people of different ethnicities, genders, backgrounds, ages, etc, to ensure everyone feels welcome. This in turn, allows you to target a wider audience, whilst spreading a positive message of diversity and equality.

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• Principle 2: Portrayal Should Be Authentic: The BBC Diversity Commissioning Code of Practice states that: 'To support the BBC’s Diversity and Inclusion Strategy, commissioning editors will actively engage with producers to improve representation, taking into account the genre, existing talent base, geographical location, the specific nature of the programme, existing portrayal performance and the types of decision that informs.' This suggests that during the editing process, the commissioned editors will work closely with the producers, to ensure that diversity is represented in an authentic, appropriate and natural way, to allow them to incorporate people from all backgrounds into the final cut, to enable them to spread a positive message amongst society in respectable way.

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This is important for me to understand when filming and editing my own product, as I need to ensure that the representation of diversity does not feel forced into my work, and instead compliments it by bringing people together, in a respectful and positive way.

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• Principle 3: Casting Should Be Open and Fair: The BBC 'are committed to eliminating all barriers during casting that exclude diverse talent to ensure [they] are open to all interpretations of a role and provide equal opportunities to the broadest range of talent.' This principle encourages the idea that they will remove all barriers that are stopping people from being shown in their programmes, and that everyone is given an equal opportunity, to be chosen for casting or for a role in the industry, allowing for a diverse range of people being broadcasted as well as a diverse team working for the BBC. 

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As a result, when developing my FMP, I will ensure that all people enquiring are given an equal oppurtunity to feature on the final product, as this will improve the content and make it open and fair. For example, in my idea of a documentary I can interview a range of people and choose the best content, considering diversity as I do so, to ensure people are given an equal oppurtunity to cast in my work.

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• Principle 4: A Diverse Workforce Makes Better Content: Furthermore, according to the BBC, 'Richness of background and experience behind the scenes is just as important as it is on-air if we are to reflect the diversity of people in the UK and change the way we work and think. We want to see diversity at all levels from Runner to Executive Producer, from Personal Assistant to Channel Controller.'

This suggests how not only is it important that the content being produced showcases diversity to the nation, but also it is just as key that the team behind this that the produce the content and work for the BBC in the media industry is diverse as well and is full of people with different ethnicities and qualities. As a result, this not only promotes equality and fairness towards all people in society, but also can help improve the content produced by bringing different cultures, views and ideas into the workforce, meaning it is easier to understand how different audience's will respond to the content released, meaning the producers can ensure it will promote a positive message when aired.

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Consequently, this is important for me during my FMP to ensure I have a diverse group of people giving me feedback and helping me improve my work, through peer critiques, for example, as this will bring new perspectives and ideas, and give people an equal opportunity to participate in the developing process.  

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• Principle 5: Measurement: The BBC ensure the public that they 'will monitor and report compliance with the code of practice annually for the previous financial year.' This principle conveys how they will monitor the way that they comply with the code of practice yearly, to ensure they are sticking to their own set of guidelines, and keep a diverse workforce to provide content to a diverse audience. This in turn will promote equality in society, bringing communities together, as a result.  

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Lastly, this is a key message for me in my own work that I remain fair and open to all people throughout the development of my Final Major Project, future projects and ultimately for my career as a whole. I will monitor my own work and teamwork to ensure everyone feels respected and included, so that we can help each other improve our work and content, and create a sense of togetherness within the workplace.

Diversity in the Media Workforce:

Why it is important and useful to understand issues of diversity in the media industry?

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It is very important to understand the issues of diversity in the media industry, particularly due to the fact that this is the industry I will be looking for employment in, in the future. Furthermore, it is important to respect people from all backgrounds and treat them equally within a workforce, as well as outside of the industry, and looking at this data can help me to understand that and appreciate this further.

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What does this data tell us? Can you interpret the underlying reasons for these trends?

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The data shows that there has been very little change in percentage of the ethnicities and different racial groups between, 2017/18 and 2018/19. For example, the mixed racial group has increased by +1pp in a year, and white ethnic has decreased by -1pp. There is no clear reason or context behind this lack of change, it may simply be that not many new people have been employed or left their jobs. Also, the lower percentages of some racial groups could simply be due to the fact that they are less interested in joining the industry, or that there are less of them in the overall population of the UK.

 

Additionally, the majority of the population of the UK is white ethnic, which is likely to be a large contributing factor to them being the most common workforce in the media industry.

 

However, arguably if the industry is to become more equal and balanced through the diversity within it, then more people from other ethnic groups could be employed, as the ethnic background should have no impact on whether a candidate receives the job or not.

Diversity in Media:

https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2020/mar/22/gucci-makeup-campaign-mascara-parr-brush-controversy-dani-miller-beauty

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• What is the article about?

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This article is about the feedback and resposne to Gucci's marketing campaign where Dani Miller was photographed wearing their new range of mascara. 

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• What types of diversity does it discuss?

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It discusses how people want 'real women' to be used in advertising campaign to promote realistic and healthy body image expectations to the general public.

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• Why do you think that diversity is important in creating media?

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It ensures that everyone feels involved, important and catered for, through media products conveying people from a range of different backgrounds, and being respectful and giving each person an equal oppurtunity.

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• What issues of diversity do you need to consider in making your FMP?

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When making my FMP, I need to ensure that my audience understand that the idea of fitness as well as physical and mental is applicable to all people. I will show this through recording with a diverse group of individuals, and by discussing how the gym is a community for anyone and everyone. 

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Analyse Existing Media Products:

1) Analyse a music video: King Krule - Alone, Omen 3: in terms of colour, image, composition and surface:

• How is composition used to tell the story? Why is the screen sub-divided up into multiple stories/sections of video?

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Composition is used to tell the story of isolation, loneliness and sadness of the main character and singer in the music video. The opening scene of the music video shows the screen being divided up into multiple different sections of video. The theme of phone calls is used and every cut of video on the screen features a mobile phone in one way or another, other than the central shot of the singer. This could be symbolising how everyone around him is communicating with other people,  yet he feels all alone.

The boarders surrounding the central video of the singer are then gradually reduced in size to reveal him standing in a crowd of people, further telling the story of his loneliness as the other people show no interest in him and try to squeeze past him, conveying a deeper sense of loneliness during the beginning of the narrative.

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• How is the environment (beach surface, distant landscape) used to set the atmosphere? What types of shot are used? Explain the choice of shot types.

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The rough surface of the beach and the dark blues, greens and greys that it brings help provide a cold and empty atmosphere. A down-ward wide shot is used to symbolise the vulnerability of the character as you look down on him, as well as showcasing the barren beach environment that surrounds him. The wide shot pans upwards to reveal an extreme-wide-shot in order to establish the setting further, and to create a gloomy atmosphere.

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• Explain how and why conventions such as leading line and rule of thirds are used.

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Rule-of-thirds is clearly used in a later scene, where the singer is in a room where the walls are reflective like mirrors, the singer is positioned in the centre with his two reflections of himself either side, clearly divided vertically using the composition of rule-of-thirds. Furthermore, the use of him being surrounded by his won reflections could symbolise how he only has himself to keep him company; the phrase; ‘me, myself and I’ springs to mind during this particular scene. The use of symmetry can also be seen during this scene, providing further engaging visuals to the viewer.

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Also, leading line can be seen as the singer walks away from the camera along the beach drawing the viewer’s eye into the distance as they follow the focal point and the movement in the scene, giving the sense of a cyclical structure as the music video opens and ends in the same location, with his partner and child. This also delivers the sense of the singer leaving the song to go and carry on with what is important in life, his family, leaving the audience with a more positive note to end on, as they realise he does have someone by his side to support him.

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• How has editing been used at 2 min 20 sec to emphasise the song lyrics?

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The lyrics during this section are, “you’re not alone”, and the shots cut between different people who appear to be lonely, sad and by themselves, showing that it is okay to be sad and that “you are not alone” in this sense.

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• Why do you think the final scene uses jump cuts?

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It allows the people to move away from the camera into the distance quicker in a interesting way, in order to hold the attention of the young active target audience until the very last moment of the music video, whilst creatively beat-matching with the song in time with the cuts.

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• What are the distinctive visual qualities that stand out in this video? How does it relate to the project theme of surfaces?

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As a whole, this video uses a variety of different surfaces to improve its overall visual quality, through several examples such as the use of the rough surface of the beach to show the cold atmosphere and environment, the shiny, reflective surface of the mirrors to show confusion and mental battles amidst his success, the soft and glossy surface of eyes during an extreme close-up shot, used to show signs of happiness and friendliness. These locations, shots and scenes, cause the video to stand out as the surfaces are being used creatively to enhance the messages and the narrative that coincides with the song, in a visually exciting way.

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• How may it inform your developing ideas?

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When developing my ideas for my own work, I will consider how I can use the surfaces of materials, objects, locations and more, to enhance the atmospheres and emotional messages channelled through the video, as well as visually interesting styles to compliment the overall product.

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• What processes have been used in making it, and how?

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Several different processes would have been used during planning, production and post-production, to produce this high-level music video for King Krule. For example, high level camera equipment and camera operators would have been used to create the dynamic shots and camera movement, as well as a professional video editor, using industry-level editing software, to produce high level results.

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• Who is it aimed at? How does it target this audience?

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It is targeted at a younger audience, from teenagers to young adults, where the feeling of loneliness and sadness can be very common during these particular years of change and transition, meaning this young and active audience can relate and connect to the messages of the song on a deeper level, journeying with the narrative of the son g and inevitably leave with the positive message at the end of music video/song of the fact that “you are not alone.”

4) Analyse a music video: Red Hot Chili Peppers ‘Otherside’ in terms of production design and style influences: 

• Describe the use of distorted, stylised imagery in the environment design. 

 

During this particular music video, a fascinating combination of animation and real life footage is used through the use of green screens, I presume. This positions the artists in another world through the environmental design which uses shades of grey to symbolise the lack of happiness and the fact that it feels as though they are going nowhere. Consequently, enhancing the emotions of the members of Red Hot Chili Peppers, and engaging the audience who may be listening to their music as they relate to the messages and the feelings being conveyed.

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• Can you explain how this was influenced by German Expressionist art and surrealism?

 

It may have been influenced by German Expressionist art through the kind of shapes and colours used in the background, as light and dark greys are used and there is a surreal sense as you watch it, as the style of the animation feels like a twisted reality, to put you into an alternative world in your mind as you watch and listen to the music. There are similarities to German Expressionist art such as the example below, particularly through the main colours and the interestingly cut-out shapes used in the background, providing a visually interesting surface.

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• Why do directors and designers take influences from different art movements?

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It allows them to be inspired by it to enhance their own work and gives them a springboard and a stimulus to draw from at the start of a project. They can also take the best techniques and styles from the art and adapt it effectively to benefit their own work. In this case, the director uses German Expressionist art work.

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• How is composition used to tell the story? What types of shot are used? Explain the choice of shot types. 

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Composition is used in a variety of a creative and advanced ways during this music video. Wide shots are commonly used to establish the other-worldly scenes and showcase the German Expressionist styles through the mainly-animated locations. Medium shots are also used to show the characters emotions and establish the intensity of the emotions in the song, such as passion, sadness and anger. 

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• What are the distinctive visual qualities that stand out in this video? How could it relate to the project theme of surfaces? 

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Within this video there is a huge array of different surfaces, that enhance the visual quality of the music video as a whole and make it stand out to the viewer. For example, telephone wires are used as an interesting prop and location for one of the singers to stand on and use symbolically as guitar strings. This surface is visually interesting also functional practically as a prop to enhance the narrative an visuals of the music video. Also, the surface is very unstable, which could symbolise the emotions in the singers and the audience watching. Leading line and several other compositions are used within the video, drawing the viewers eye into the scene, as seen below, engaging them further in the video, through the interesting surfaces. 

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• How may it inform your developing ideas?

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It could help me to develop my own ideas by uses surfaces top symbolise emotions and atmospheres, as well as to make the video interesting through textures and styles. Also, their use of conventions could be used as inspiration for me, as I can see how it can engage the audience, through them following the camera movement and the way the shots are split up, i.e. Rule of Thirds. 

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• What processes have been used in making it, and how?

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Some of the scenes were filmed using props in front of a green screen, which could then be enhanced further in the post-production to create high-level visual effects, and artificial locations. 

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• Who is it aimed at? How does it target this audience?

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It is aimed at a range of audiences although mostly a younger audience, for example, teenagers and young adults, as the visual effects and cuts will engage them. Also, the messages conveyed to them in the video could be more relatable for them as a lot of pressure is put on young people these days, meaning the emotions shown by the singers of anger and isolation would resonate well with them.

2) Train for Life | David Laid

• Why have you chosen it? How does it relate to the project theme of surfaces?

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I have chosen this particular piece of existing media, which is a short documentary based around lifting weights and gaining muscle, and the social media side of this, which is something I am personally very interested in and actively participate in as an audience member each day. Furthermore, I love going to the gym and lifting weights, so I chose this as I knew I would enjoy researching it further, and David Laid, the person depicted, is someone I follow on social media. 

 

The surfaces seen in the video compliment the style, for example, the metals and the surface of heavy plates, show the hard work that is being put in, by the athlete. Furthermore, there is a huge range of different surfaces, through the different weights, the equipment, machines, flooring, walls, and the athlete themselves, making the content visually interesting to the human eye and telling the story of commitment and dedication. 

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Additionally, during the opening of the short documentary, David Laid is shown editing at his computer for his social media platforms, and close-ups are used of the different high-quality surfaces, such as the computer keyboard, as well as the monitor screen, giving a slick and stylish feel to his office and the scene as a whole.

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• How may it inform your developing ideas?

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I really enjoy the slow and high-quality style, using colour grading to enhance the mood of the different scenes. For example, softer, warmer, relaxing colours during the opening, in his office, followed by stronger colours, with a high contrast, during more intense gym section of the video, to show the emotional difference between these two sides of his job, as a social media influencer and an athlete. 

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Additionally, I really enjoyed the cinematic-feel and style to the gym workout in the video, I would like to experiment with this style in my own work, as well as adding some more video effects to take it to the next level and to maintain the interest, attention and excitement of my target audience of 16-18 year olds. Furthermore, the informative sections given to the audience provide useful tips and insights into the athlete's life, allowing the audience to learn whilst being entertained, which is definitely a balance I would try and find when create my own short documentary. 

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• What processes have been used in making it, and how?

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Many processes have been used during the making of this short documentary: Train for Life | David Laid, to make it feel at a very high production level. A camera operator has been hired for the shoot, to create amazingly smooth camera movement that draws you into the scene, possibly using a dolly, furthermore, the transitions between the scenes are very smooth and enable the video to flow very smoothly and feel easy on the eye. Furthermore, the audio recording is a big part of the shoot, as the sounds of the weights and metal hitting the surface gives the real sense of power that you would not be able to feel without the sound.

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• What conventions and shot types have been used, and how?

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The convention of rule-of-thirds is seen on multiple occasions, particularly when David Laid is doing the Dead Lift exercise, which also uses a full shot of him to show the sheer strength and power in a visually appealing way to the audience. The shot is split up between the gym floor, the athlete, and the rest of the equipment and the back wall. Furthermore, an extreme close-up shot is used of the athlete's hands to show the damage that lifting weights has down to his skin, symbolising the fact that pain equals reward for an athlete. Additionally, a close-up is used of David Laid's face towards the end of the work-out which cleverly manually focuses on the sweat dripping from his hair to portray his hard-work and commitment to his athletic lifestyle, in a visually interesting and creative way. The close-up also shows his emotions clearly and that he is tired yet still determined to succeed in what he does, making the short documentary very engaging. 

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• Who is it aimed at? How does it target this audience?

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The short documentary targets a young and aspiring audience from the early to late teens, particularly males who are interested in fitness and lifting weights, as well as videography which was a topic mentioned. It targets this through showing a  social-media famous athlete at the top of his game, which is an inspiring thing for this audience to witness as David Laid is likely to be someone they would look up to if they share common interests with him. Additionally, the style of the documentary targets the audience further as it is short but to the point, as well as being at a very high level of production so the audience respect it, and give it the watch time it deserves. 

3) Tobi & Manny - Destined For Greatness (feat. Janellé) [Official Music Video]

• Why have you chosen it? How does it relate to the project theme of surfaces?

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The reason I have chosen this particular music video is due to the fact that, first of all I really like the song, and secondly, the editing styles, transitions and visual effects used are very visually engaging and creative, and I would like to incorporate some of these techniques into my own work, even if I am to produce a documentary. This is due to the fact that I am hoping to essentially combine the genres of a music video and shot documentary, by adding certain styles and video effects that could be seen in a music video, within certain scenes of the documentary, to provide entertainment as well as useful information, to engage my very active target audience of 16-18 year olds.

 

Furthermore, in response to the second question, this particular music video uses a broad range of surfaces within its different scenes, to provide atmosphere, emotion and to tell the narrative of the song, in a visually engaging way for the audience. This is achieved through using the details and textures of the different surfaces, such as the visually interesting surface of light being projected on to a concrete wall, wet tarmac on a rooftop of a building, reflective jackets at night to make the rappers stand out in the shot and to draw the viewer's eye towards them in a creative way.

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• How may it inform your developing ideas?

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This piece of existing media in the genre of a music video could be really useful in helping me to find and use stunning visual effects and transitions in my own presentation for this project. For example, the editor has implemented the use of colouring, inverted colour effects, and overlays, to create rapid, eye-catching and engaging transitions to flow seamlessly between scenes. The layering is made possible through reducing the opacity of the layers, to allow the viewer to see through the first layer and view the second layer simultaneously. Something that I also noticed is that the surface of the camo-patterned clothing that they are wearing in the video, plays a big part in creating these interesting colours and transitions, as seen below. Consequently, I will take what the people in my video will be wearing into further consideration, as it will play a part in improving the artistic visuals of the production.

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• What processes have been used in making it, and how?

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A broad range of industry-level processes and techniques have been used, in order to maximise the production value of this particular music video. For example, camera operators, lighting designers, set designers, a director and an editor would have all played essential parts in making this video possible. In particular, the camera operator did an amazing job at proving advanced shot types, such as below, which moved from looking downwards at the pair to smoothly panning down to be level in height with them. This was executed really cleanly and is a style of filming that I would definitely like to experiment with in my own work, in order to engage my target audience of 16-18-year olds.

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Furthermore, I really enjoyed the style of editing where videos were reduced in scale and artistically positioned within stylised boarders that reminded me of an old film reel, which I found an example of below. This was more than likely intentional to symbolise how the vocalists are looking back on their life, their childhood and the journey that they have been on to reach the present day.  

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• What conventions and shot types have been used, and how?

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The convention of symmetry is often used effectively in the video, to symbolise the brother relationship between Tobi and Manny, and to provide visually engaging shots. Below, you can see the use of symmetry in a close-up shot, as a well as a medium-long shot, the use of the brothers wearing the same jacket helps to achieve this artistic vision. Framing can also be seen in these and many of the other examples, through the use of the old-film reel style boarders surrounding the videos, drawing the viewer's eye to the shots and keeping them engaged.

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Moreover, an extreme wide shot is used, with signs of symmetry once again, to display the amazing location of the city of London at night, with the rappers positioned intelligently, in the foreground of the shot. The camera is focused on the rappers, in order to produce a crisp image and so that they are lit correctly, and allowing for the background to be highlighted by the city lights. A close-up is also used on the side profile of Tobi's face, to highlight his and his brother's joy and amusement, in looking back on their old photographs during their childhood, providing a sense of love, happiness and nostalgia to the scene.

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Lastly, another example of a convention that is creatively implemented through the use of the painted lines on the concrete of the roof top, is leading line. Although the painted lines are not straight, they still help position the viewer's gaze on the focal point of the shot, which in this case, is the rapper Manny. This is another instance of the brilliant choreography, and vision of the director, to pick out these opportunities in the chosen locations to use conventions to improve the visuals of the music video, and it is definitely something I will draw inspiration from in my own work.

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• Who is it aimed at? How does it target this audience?

Personally, I believe the music video is targeted at a young audience ranging roughly between 14-18-year olds. This is due to the fact that a large range of video effects and modern styles have been used in this video to engage and entertain the very active target audience. The audience is targeted further, through the use of the street and city-based locations, giving the video and urban/street theme, which is very popular in this day and age due to current British music culture.

 

Furthermore, this is also accompanied by the choice of outfits showcasing modern fashion through jackets, tracksuits and trainers, hence appealing to a large amount of the target age range. 

Audience Research:

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Audience Questionnaire

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1) Demographic Profiling: Name, gender, age

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2) Psycho-graphic Profiling: What are your general interests/hobbies? Do you enjoy/partake in any sports? What do you care about/ what are your personal values?

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3) Favourite genre of media? TV/Documentary/Music/Radio/Films?

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4) Favourite style of music video?

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5) Most used social-media platform? Daily hours?

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6) What do you mostly use media for?

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7) What course are you studying? What job do you have?

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8) Do you go to the gym?

Audience Profile

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• Audience member A: A 16 year old male, he is interested in fitness, and enjoys playing rugby, he has a close group of friends, he mostly uses Instagram, Snapchat (3 hours a day on social media) and enjoys watching YouTube videos and sports documentaries/montages. He enjoys fast-paced music videos with a narrative. Also, he is studying a Level 3 Sports Science course at college and works in retail earning roughly £70 per week. He occasionally goes to the gym for fitness, but wants to start building muscle.

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• Audience member B: An 18 year old male, she likes pop music, street-wear fashion and going to the gym for fitness and muscle building purposes. She enjoys going out on the weekends and socialising with friends, she also enjoys watching reality TV. Her favourite social media platforms to use, are Instagram and Twitter, for entertainment, social and educational purposes, spending roughly 4 hours a day on social media. She enjoys slow-paced, atmospheric music videos with a narrative. She is studying hair & beauty full time, and earns £50 per week through restaurant work. 

My concept of a gym/fitness documentary will target these audience profiles, as they are both interested in sport and fitness to some degree, and want to build muscle. Furthermore, they both spend a lot of time on social media platforms such as Instagram and YouTube, which can be a great place to showcase videos online, meaning my documentary could be easily discovered by them, expanding the audience that it will reach. Additionally, they like certain styles of music videos, and I will hope to incorporate these styles and visual effects into the documentary to entertain them further. Also, they both have a stable income which would allow them to invest in a monthly gym membership and other fitness products.

My Ideal Target Audience:

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For my concept of a short documentary, my ideal target audience would be male or females in the age range of 16-18 year olds, that are interested in fitness, dieting and building muscle. They would also spend a couple of hours a day on social media, such as Instagram, Snapchat and YouTube, where they would watch videos and digest content for entertainment and educational purposes. They would enjoy atmospheric as well as action-packed visuals and editing techniques in modern music videos, as well as watching a variety of documentaries based around their main interests. Furthermore, they would be a member at a local gym that they can easily access.

Primary Research Methods:

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Secondary Research Methods:

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Practical Research Methods:

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Watching Interviews:

After watching and analysing the experienced and incredible director of Christopher Nolan, there were many key points and messages that I have learnt that will be useful for me during the FMP and my time in the media or film industry as a whole.

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One of the first points Nolan made, was that working with cameras and editing is very useful experience, that paid off when becoming a director. He stated that you 'learn every time you shoot', for example, when you make a script for a short film and shoot it, you learn a lot about narrative and structure doing shorter films, and how there can be more than just a beginning, middle and end.

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Christopher Nolan explained how it is important that you understand the equipment that is being used to create the production, as this will help you produce something to a high standard in good time. This will be important for me during my FMP, as it explains why I will need to carry out practical research and learn more about the equipment that I will be using to enable me to shoot and produce the visions I have created during planning, in an organised manner before the project deadline.

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'You have to play to your strengths. You have to do something that really excites you.' This quote really resonated with me as during my FMP I will be producing a short documentary on weight training and fitness, which is something that really excites me and that I am passionate about in my personal life. Furthermore, this will allow me to bring my own unique strengths to enable my work to stand out in the market and to my target audience.

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Nolan used the phrase, 'stick to your guns’, in the fact that you should ‘find something that you can do, that maybe other people couldn't do, even if that seems different or doesn't fit into people's expectations, that's what's going to distinguish [your idea], if you can do it successfully.' I believe my project concept is very unique in comparison to most people’s ideas, and I hope that my work will be successful, as this will in turn make it recognisable and enjoyable for the viewers.

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Films should have layers and deeper meanings in the narrative, that you may only discover when watching the film for a second time. Whether this is through the deep visuals or through the messages conveyed, it will make the audience want to watch your product again, increasing sales.

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During production, Nolan suggests that you do not use existing temp music before asking composers to replicate them later on. This is due to the fact that the cues may need to be changed in the edit as a result, meaning the film may not flow as originally intended. He advises that you always work with music that has been created specifically for the films that are being shot and edited. I can use this advise in my own work and ensure I know the music that I will use before shooting my scenes; allowing me to use the cues and features of the songs to compliment my creative visuals as well as the sounds recorded during shooting.

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A final piece of advice from Nolan on a way to enter the film industry was to, ‘get yourself a script’, as these screenplay ideas will be very important, and help you to stand out to an employer in the film industry. A script will allow you to demonstrate your creative ability and film knowledge through your own work.

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